Monosodium Glutamate (MSG), A Delicious Misconception

By Silvestre Arroyo, CW3, Food Service Technician

| Warrant Officer Journal, 2026 E-Edition

Read Time: < 6 mins

A person wearing camouflage tactical gear is eating delicious food flavored with MSG while outdoors.

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Despite longstanding concerns surrounding monosodium glutamate (MSG), scientific research, and regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), have consistently affirmed its safety for consumption. Glutamate is a naturally occurring amino acid found in common foods such as meats, aged cheeses, eggs, and tomatoes ingredients already present in Dining Facility (DFAC) menus and Department of War (DoW)-approved recipes. Foods rich in glutamate enhance the savory, umami flavor profile, improving meal quality and overall satisfaction among Soldiers. As a concentrated form of glutamate, MSG offers a safe, efficient, and reliable method to elevate flavor in a wide range of meals, including proteins, stews, and vegetables, without introducing additional risk. Its inclusion in the DoW food service program would improve taste, increase meal acceptance, and enhance the dining experience, ultimately contributing to higher morale and a more competitive program aligned with commercial standards. To modernize feeding operations and better support Soldier performance and readiness, DoW leaders must update existing policy and deliberately integrate MSG into food service practices. Therefore, the Department of War should rescind its prohibition on MSG outlined in DoD Manual 1338.10 and align its food service doctrine with current scientific evidence and operational needs.

Over 100 years ago in Japan, cooks originally derived MSG from seaweed for its unique flavor enhancing qualities. Japanese cooks would make a savory broth from seaweed. Once the seaweed was removed, they would gently simmer the broth for hours until only the sodium crystals were left in the pot. Monosodium glutamate is the result of those crystals. According to the FDA, MSG is now made by fermenting starch, sugar beets, sugar cane, or molasses (FDA, 2012). Glutamic acid is naturally present in our bodies and in many foods and additives (FDA, 2012). In kitchens all over Asia and throughout the Pacific MSG is often added to everyday food items to enhance the overall flavor. In America major food chains such as Chick-fil-A, KFC, Doritos, and Pringles all use MSG in their products (Jillian Kubala, 2023). One interesting correlation in the MSG discussion is that Japan has one of the world’s highest populations of citizens over 100 years old. While MSG is definitely not the root cause for this stat, it does show that MSG can be a staple item in a healthy lifestyle.

In the 1960s, Dr. Robert Ho Man Kwok wrote a letter, later published by the New England Journal of Medicine, where he described having recurring allergic-like symptoms after eating Chinese food. He inferred that MSG was the likely culprit due to the Chinese food’s propensity to use as a staple ingredient (Sam Kean, 2023). In the article, he penned the term “Chinese Restaurant Syndrome” (CRS) which prompted readers to write in and echo the sentiment of feeling nauseous, flush, or having headaches after eating Chinese food. It is often overlooked that Chinese cuisine has a long laundry list of fiber-rich and plant-based ingredients. That starkly contrasts with the regional cuisines in the US market.

There were case studies throughout the ’90 and 2000s debunking the mythos that MSG is harmful. The result was the same in every instance: there was no significant difference between the test subjects who consumed MSG or a placebo. The only time there were adverse effects were recorded was when MSG was injected, under the skin, into mice. Resulting in impaired development or brain lesions (Sam Kean, 2023). After an independent third party reviewed the study, they noted that the amount of MSG injected into the mice was enough for an animal the size of a horse. Additionally, that study on mice did not consider that humans ingest MSG though their gut is not under the skin.

The FDA considers the addition of MSG to foods as “generally recognized as safe” (GRAS) (U.S. FDA, 2025). For reference salt, vinegar, pepper, and baking soda are also classified as GRAS (Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank, n.d.). Although many people claim to have symptoms related to CRS when eating MSG, studies where individuals were given MSG or a placebo the results were inconsistent. Scientists have not been able to consistently agree on what causes the reactions to the ingredients MSG is not more harmful than table salt. It’s important to remember that any ingredient can be harmful if not handled properly or if the consumer has underlying health issues.

This discussion is comparable to the rise of Soldiers who claim to have gluten sensitivity and as a result participate in a gluten free diet. Unlike MSG, gluten sensitivity is a condition which has a diagnosable disease named celiac disease. Less than 1% of Americans are clinically diagnosed with celiac disease (Sarah Patel, 2026). Soldiers who adopt gluten free diets will see positive results from their lifestyle changes. Those results can be attributed to a more intentional nutrition focused diet, not from an undiagnosed gluten sensitivity. In the Army these misunderstandings can be combated by updating existing nutritional training for 68M Nutrition Care Specialists, 92G Food Service Specialists, 640A Veterinary Corps Food Safety Officers, and 922A Food Service Technicians.

In 2026, the Department of War cannot afford to operate under outdated assumptions or regulatory blind spots that limit performance and readiness. The current prohibition on monosodium glutamate outlined in DoD Manual 1338.10, the DoD Food Service Program, is rooted in debunked misconceptions and creates unnecessary restrictions that undermine the quality and appeal of DFAC meals. As Soldiers increasingly compare DFAC offerings to commercial food options, failure to leverage safe, flavor-enhancing ingredients like MSG will continue to drive them toward less controlled and often less nutritious alternatives. Modernizing the DoW Food Program requires aligning policy with scientific evidence, industry standards, and Soldier expectations. The Headquarters Department of the Army, G4 and the Joint Culinary Training Division can lead the charge by conducting a comprehensive review of MSG and its true nutritional. Senior leaders must take deliberate action to update regulatory guidance and remove outdated restrictions. Therefore, the Department of War should rescind its prohibition on MSG and integrate its use into food service operations to enhance meal quality, improve morale, and strengthen overall readiness.

References

Department of Defense. (2022, March 2). DoD Food Service Program (DoDM 1338.10). Washington Headquarters Services. https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/DD/issuances/dodm/133810p.PDF?ver=zRoY2TaLlF_mAYT3s7If6g%3d%3d

Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank. (n.d.). Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) substances. https://www.farad.org/generally-recognized-as-safe

Kean, S. (2026, February 19). The rotten science behind the MSG scare. Science History Institute. https://www.sciencehistory.org/stories/magazine/the-rotten-science-behind-the-msg-scare/

Kubala, J. (2023, February 13). 8 foods with MSG (monosodium glutamate). Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/foods-with-msg#What-is-MSG

Patel, S. (2026, January 9). How many people have celiac disease in the United States?. Advance Study. https://advancestudy.org/how-many-people-have-celiac-disease-in-the-united-states/

U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2019, November 19). Questions and answers on monosodium glutamate (MSG). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-petitions/questions-and-answers-monosodium-glutamate-msg

U.S. Food and Drug Administration (n.d.). Substances added to food. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-petitions/substances-added-food-formerly-eafus